Images to PDF
Combine PNG, JPG and WEBP images into a single PDF document — in your browser, no uploads.
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Frequently asked questions
Are my images uploaded to a server?
What is the maximum number of images or total file size?
Does this work with HEIC or TIFF images from my iPhone?
Will image quality be reduced when embedding into the PDF?
How does this compare with scanning software or Adobe Acrobat?
Can I mix portrait and landscape images in the same PDF?
Which image formats are supported?
What page sizes are available, and can I use custom dimensions?
Can I automate image-to-PDF conversion for large batches?
Is the resulting PDF compatible with all PDF viewers and standards?
About Images to PDF
Converting images to PDF means embedding one or more bitmap images into a structured PDF document, where each image becomes the content of a dedicated page. The PDF format stores images as compressed XObject resources referenced by page content streams, which means the image data is preserved — not re-encoded from scratch — when you embed a JPEG or PNG. This tool lets you select multiple images, arrange their order, choose a target page size (A4, A3, Letter, or match each image's natural dimensions), and control how the image is scaled within the page: fit (preserve aspect ratio within the margins), fill (cover the full page), or original size. The result is downloaded as a standard PDF immediately, without any upload.
The most frequent real-world use is digitising physical documents. You photograph pages with a smartphone, transfer the images to your computer, and need to combine them into a single submittable PDF. Government offices, banks, universities, and HR departments routinely require documentation in PDF format. Other common uses include packaging a set of screenshots into a report, assembling scanned receipts for expense reimbursement, combining architectural photographs into a project portfolio, creating a photo book layout, or turning a sequence of exported chart images into a presentation-ready PDF for colleagues who need a static document rather than a live dashboard.
The entire conversion runs inside your browser using pdf-lib. JPEG and PNG images are embedded directly as native PDF image objects — no re-encoding, no quality loss for images that were already in those formats. WEBP images, which are not natively supported by the PDF specification, are first decoded by the browser's Canvas API and then embedded as PNG — a lossless conversion that preserves full quality. Because everything happens locally, your photographs of sensitive paperwork, identity documents, and financial statements are never transmitted to any server or third party.
For best results, ensure your images are oriented correctly before adding them — use the rotate tool on individual images if needed, since rotating an image inside the PDF after the fact requires a separate step. If you are scanning physical pages, aim for at least 150 DPI for readable text and 300 DPI for documents that may later be OCR-processed. Choosing 'fit' scaling with an A4 or Letter page size produces the most professional-looking output for document submissions, while 'original size' is best when precise pixel dimensions matter, such as for technical diagrams.
Scanning to PDF: How a Format Designed for Print Became the Language of Digital Documents
When PDF was first designed in the early 1990s, the dominant document workflow was print: create in a desktop application, print to paper, distribute physically. Adobe envisioned PDF as a way to distribute 'electronic paper' — documents that looked as good on screen as they would when printed. The decision to embed images as high-fidelity objects within the PDF, rather than linking to external files, was a deliberate choice to make PDFs self-contained and portable. This same architectural decision is what makes the images-to-PDF workflow so natural four decades later.
The rise of flatbed scanners and later smartphone cameras transformed PDF from a print-output format into an ingestion format — a way to bring physical documents into the digital world. By the mid-2000s, the 'scan to PDF' function had become standard on office multifunction printers, and PDF became the default output format for digitised paperwork worldwide. Government agencies, banks, and legal firms gradually shifted their submission requirements from fax to PDF, cementing the format's role at both ends of the document lifecycle: creation and archival.
An often-overlooked detail is that the PDF specification defines images using the same colour space and compression primitives as PostScript, which means a JPEG embedded in a PDF is stored using DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) compression — the same algorithm as a standalone JPEG file. When a PDF viewer renders the page, it decompresses the DCT stream exactly as a JPEG decoder would. This equivalence means that embedding a JPEG into a PDF is essentially a zero-loss operation: the image data is placed inside the PDF container with only a few hundred bytes of header overhead, and no re-encoding or quality degradation occurs.